PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT TERHADAP EKSTRAKSI SENYAWA ASIATIKOSIDA DARI PEGAGAN (CENTELLA ASIATICA) DENGAN METODE ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION DAN MASERASI

Abstract

Centella asiatica is a herbal plant that grows a lot in Indonesia and other tropical countries. Pegagan leaves have triterpenoid compounds. Triterpenoids are chemical compounds that belong to the triterpene class. They consist a basic unit called an isoprene unit and have a cyclic framework consisting of five carbon (pentacyclic) rings. The compounds contained in the triterpenoid are asiaticoside, madecoside, Asiatic acid, and madecasic acid which are useful in providing a sedative and vascular effect so that they can increase blood flow to the brain In this research, pegagan leaves were extracted using the ultrasound assisted extraction method and maceration with ethanol and water at an operating temperature of 32°C for 36 minutes and soaking time for 3 days. This research was conducted to determine the differences in functional groups in both methods and the resulting yields. The results of the study using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that there were functional groups of asiaticoside compounds in both methods and the best yield was obtained using the ultrasound assisted extraction method of 10.542%. It is proven that modern extraction methods are more optimal because they produce high yields in a relatively short time. While the results of asiaticoside levels obtained 96 mg asiaticoside/ g pegagan leaves in the ultrasound assisted extraction method using 70% ethanol solvent.