STUDI KOMPARASI DIPLOMASI PUBLIK CINA KE INDONESIA: DI ERA PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN HU JINTAO DAN PRESIDEN XI JINPING

Abstract

Chinese public diplomacy to Indonesia is a form of charm offensive inherent in China's soft power relations to improve its status and cultural image. This is motivated by the growing interest of the Indonesian people in the development of Chinese language and culture. China's presence has always been perceived negatively because its power is considered aggressive in international relations. Public diplomacy brings China proactively on the international stage. China sees Indonesia as a country that has the power and capability to increase the influence of China's positive image. The writing of this research aims to analyze China's public diplomacy to Indonesia during the Xi Jinping and Hu Jintao administrations. To analyze this topic, researchers used the concept of public diplomacy by comparing the two administrations of Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping. Researchers found differences in China's public diplomacy to Indonesia during the Hu Jintao and Xi Jinping administrations. The writing of this research found the results that these two periods of government carried out five indicators of public diplomacy, namely Time, Purpose, Media / Public Opinion, and Public Diplomacy Instrument (Branding, Cultural Diplomacy, and Exchange). The differences in China's public diplomacy to Indonesia in these two eras of government are in three aspects, namely instruments, agents, and target. During the reign of President Hu Jintao, the dominating agent was the Chinese government with the overall objective of disseminating culture. Whereas during the reign of President Xi Jinping, there is still the involvement of the Chinese government but there are non-state actors and mass media collaboration. The overall objective in the Xi Jinping era is to improve branding and disseminate it. The main instrument of public diplomacy of these two administrations is the Confucius Institute, the difference lies in the products of the Confucius Institute. The most used media during Hu Jintao's era was exhibition, but during Xi Jinping's era was news through social media and internet.