UPAYA INDONESIA DALAM MENYELENGGARAKAN KONFERENSI TINGKAT TINGGI G20 2022 DI BALI DENGAN EFISIEN DALAM SITUASI KONFLIK RUSIA - UKRAINA

Abstract

Indonesia held the G20 Presidency in 2022. However, the dynamics of the 2022 G20 Summit in Indonesia faced challenges when one of its member countries, Russia, was in the process of invading Ukraine. This had repercussions, as Russia became isolated by other nations, especially those in the G7. Indonesia encountered pressure from G7 nations not to invite Russia. The United States Secretary of the Treasury declared that the country would not attend if Russia were present at the 2022 G20 Summit in Bali. Nevertheless, Russia eventually attended, albeit represented by its Foreign Minister. Therefore, this research aims to elucidate Indonesia's decision-making process in addressing the existing political dynamics, especially regarding the decision to invite Russia to the 2022 G20 Summit in Bali. The study will also identify the role of protocol in managing political tensions to ensure the smooth functioning of the multilateral forum. Research questions will be analyzed by referencing the Rational Choice Theory authored by Charles W. Kegley, which is utilized to explain how a country makes decisions through four stages to produce outcomes satisfying various stakeholders. The research methodology employed is qualitative research, involving primary data collection through in-depth interviews with protocol officials responsible during the 2022 G20 Summit and secondary data collection through literature studies in the form of internet-based research. The main findings of this study reveal that Indonesia's decision to invite Russia was based on identifying potential benefits and mitigating risks through protocol strategies. The research concludes that protocol plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe conduct of the 2022 G20 Summit in Bali amid political tensions arising from Russia's invasion of Ukraine.