| dc.description.abstract | Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions pose a pressing global issue due to their significant environmental impacts, including climate change, which disrupts ecosystems and human life. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are a major contributor to GHGs. This study aims to gain insights into the sectors contributing to CO2 emissions in 20 countries, which is crucial for decision making related to emissions mitigation. The seven sectors investigated include electricity and heat, gas fuel consumption, liquid fuel consumption, manufacturing and construction industries, residential and commercial, solid fuel consumption, and transportation sectors. The methods employed encompass clustering with the K-Means algorithm, dimensionality reduction using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and classification with a decision tree. The clustering results yielded four clusters based on the CO2 emission levels of these sectors, with PCA analysis and EDA findings supporting this grouping. The evaluation of the model in the study utilizes the Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI), Elbow Method, and Silhouette Score to determine the optimal parameter for the K value in K-Means, and employs the F1-Score for decision tree evaluation. The insights obtained can provide additional information for policymakers and experts in designing effective mitigation strategies to reduce CO2 emissions and the overall impact of GHGs. | en_US |
