Evaluasi Safety Integrity Level (SIL) pada Superheat Burner dengan Metode Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA)

Abstract

The superheat burner is one of the critical units in steam generation systems, functioning to produce superheated steam at high temperatures and pressures. The performance of this unit heavily relies on reliable control and safety systems. In PT. Petrokimia Gresik previous incidents, the system experienced repeated trips due to failures in the temperature transmitter (TT-1005) and pressure transmitter (PT-1018), posing risks to personnel safety and equipment integrity. This study aims to evaluate the Safety Integrity Level (SIL) of the superheat burner using the Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) method to assess the effectiveness of protective layers in reducing the risk of hazardous events. The analysis was conducted by calculating parameters such as Unmitigated Event Frequency (UEF), Target Mitigated Event Likelihood (TMEL), and Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD). The evaluation results showed that prior to the implementation of safety improvements, the system only fulfilled SIL 1 criteria. After redesigning the protection system by adding alarms, interlocks, and automated safety valves the SIL level increased to SIL 2 or SIL 3 depending on the specific scenarios and components analyzed. The evaluation also included an assessment of capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) to determine the efficiency of the improved system. With the increase in SIL level, the potential for incidents such as overpressure, explosions, or production disruptions can be significantly reduced. This research provides both technical and economic insights that enhancing the safety system of a superheat burner not only improves system reliability but also comprehensively lowers operational risks. This evaluation is expected to serve as a reference for decision-making related to process safety in similar industrial application.