Ekstraksi Senyawa Fenolik Dari Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendens) Dengan Metode Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) Beserta Pengujian Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Nilai SPF

Abstract

Maritza Hikmah Ardhiansya. 102321028. Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Ant Nests Using the UAE Method, Including Antioxidant Activity and SPF Value Testing.

This study aims to determine the effect of solvent type on the total phenolic content of ant nests using the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of extraction time on the total phenolic content of ant nests using the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method, to determine the optimal conditions for extracting ant nests using the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method, and to determine the Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of the ant nest extract. The extraction process was carried out using the Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) method, followed by filtration using a vacuum filter and solvent evaporation using a vacuum oven. Sample testing was carried out using UV-Vis to determine the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and SPF value, and characterization was carried out using FTIR. Test results showed that increasing the temperature and extraction time increased the total phenolic content. Optimal conditions for the three solvents were achieved at the same extraction time of 24 minutes, but for distilled water at 30°C, while for 70% and 96% ethanol at 40°C. The highest SPF value was achieved using the 70% ethanol solvent with a 24-minute extraction time and a temperature of 50°C. Characterization results indicated the presence of -OH functional groups and aromatic rings, which are typical functional groups of phenolic compounds. Based on all test results, the distilled water sample with a temperature of 30°C, the 70% ethanol sample with a 24-minute extraction time, and the 96% ethanol sample with a 24-minute extraction time demonstrated optimum conditions, with the highest total phenolic content obtained from the 70% ethanol sample with a value of 121,915 mg GAE/g. Thus, temperature and extraction time play a crucial role in determining the total phenolic content of ant nest extract.

Keywords: Extraction, Phenolic Compounds, Ant Nest, Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE), Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Sun Protecting Factor (SPF)