Analysis of Joule Thomson Effects across Choke Manifold and Wellhead Growth during Well Unloading Operations

Abstract

This report investigates the performance and optimization of elastomeric O-ring seals under extreme temperature and pressure conditions in well production systems, with a specific focus on the PETRONAS A6 project. The study highlights the failure of fluorocarbon elastomers (Viton®/FKM) in downstream pipelines during operations involving drastic temperature drops caused by the Joule-Thomson effect. The inability of FKM to maintain elasticity at temperatures below -7°C resulted in leakage and operational inefficiencies. Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (HNBR) was identified as a superior alternative, offering improved flexibility, temperature resistance (-30°C to 150°C), and chemical stability, as demonstrated in previous campaigns.