PRARANCANGAN PABRIK BIOPLASTIK(POLYHYDROXYBUTYRATE) BERBAHAN DASAR BIOGAS DARI LIMBAH CAIR KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN KAPASITAS 2466.2 TON / TAHUN

Abstract

Today the issue of global warming is an issue that is widely discussed in both developed and developing countries has begun to realize the importance of this issue. This is because global warming is a very important issue to be resolved because this issue can trigger various other problems such as the climate crisis, food crisis, economic crisis and even political crisis. (Wallace, 2019). Since 1901 the earth's temperature has increased by 1oC a very rapid increase compared tothe earth's natural temperature rise. The amount of carbon dioxide has increased by 25% since 1958 and 40% since the industrial revolution. (Sciense and Information For Climate-Smart Nation). Indonesia as the largest palm oil producer in the world contributes considerable greenhouse gases in the form of methane gas which is the result of the fermentation process of palm oil liquid waste. Methanotrophic bacteria are bacteria that can consume methane gas as an energy source, under nutrient restriction conditions this bacteria can produce polyester such as polyhydroxybutyrate. Polyhydroxybutyrate has fossil-based polymer-like characteristics. At this time the methylocytis parvus OBBP bacteria were used because the high rate of PHB accumulation reached 60% of the total mass weight. It consists of 4 stages, namely fermentation, biomass treatment, purification and solvent recovery. In the fermentationprocess, biogas resulting from palm oil liquid waste is captured with Covered Lagoon technology. This technology is done by closing conventional waste ponds with polypropylene reinforced materials so that it serves as an anaerobic digester. Biogas caught will be channeled to bioreactors as a food source. Furthermore, bacteria that are ready to be harvested will be eliminated their moisture content. After most of the water content in the bacteria successfully removed Poly Hydroxy Butyrate (PHB) purified by extracting PHB using organic solvents. The used organic solvent is purified again using distillation. This factory is located in PTPN V Sei Galuh, Riau with a required area of 7563.79 m2 with a required workforce of 134 people. This plant has a capacity of 2466.2 tons / year with a need for biogas raw materials of 7600ton / year, oxygen 13682 tons / year, NaHCO3 17094.6 tons / year, NH4Cl 1589.44 tons / year, Trace ion 917.12 tons / year, Vitamin 19,762 tons / year and acetone (95%) 1477,288 tons / year. With an ROI of 46% BEP 19.81% and shutdown point 14.56%.