Ekstraksi Klorofil pada Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Sebagai Pewarna Tekstil Alami

Abstract

This research focuses on the utilization of natural materials as textile dyes which are environmentally friendly and safe for the health of living things. The natural ingredients used are pandan wangi leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.), especially chlorophyll compounds as green pigments. The types of fabrics tested consisted of cotton fabrics, linen fabrics, and drill fabrics. The purpose of this study was to extract chlorophyll from pandan wangi leaves using the maceration extraction method with ethanol p.a. and maceration time control for 36 hours. The particle size of pandan wangi leaves was made up to 60 mesh to obtain the optimum extract yield. Fabric coloring begins with washing the fabric using Turkish Red Oil (TRO) solution and then mordanting using varying concentrations of 1% and 0.6% alum mordant. Fabrics that have been dyed are then tested for color fastness to sunlight and to rubbing. The results of maceration of the ethanol extract produced a yield value of 40.22%. Chlorophyll a and b content were calculated from the absorbance values obtained using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis), namely 3.7223 µg/mL and 1.1362 µg/mL respectively. Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) characterization detects the presence of methyl, ketone, amine, and ester functional groups. The value of the test results for color fastness to sunlight and rubbing were 4 (good) and 4-5 (very good) respectively.